ABSTRACT
Backgrounds And Objectives: Tobacco consumption in different forms is a common addiction in the socio-economically handicapped population in many developing countries there are few data on the uantitative effects of cigarette smoking on lung function in young adults. These effects are important in the understanding of the early stages of chronic airflow obstruction. Material and method: Our study was performed on a total of 100 subjects (50 control and 50 were cigarette smokers) with the age group between 15-40 years were selected. Smokers were categorized into mild, moderate and severe smokers on the basis of number of cigarette smoke per day. Computerised spirometery examination was performed on both control and smokers. Results and Interpretation: We observed an inverse dose–response relation between smoking and FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR; FEF etc. severe smokers had a low FEV1, PEFR, and FVC than control group. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking has a dose related adverse effect on the evolution of ventilatory lung function in young adulthood. Cigarette smoking is associated with evidence of airway obstruction and slowed growth of lung function in adults, exposure to cigarette smoke led to a greater increase in the number of mucus- producing tracheal goblet cells that enhanced the airway obstruction that may be the cause for decline in the lung functions.
ABSTRACT
Backgrounds and Objectives: Although anaemia has the highest prevalence during Pregnancy, it is common throughout the reproductive cycle. Our study presents a composite picture of haemoglobin (Hb), serum level of iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and percentage iron saturation of transferrin in women during different trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum period. Material and Method: Our study was performed on a total of 100 subjects. 20 from each trimester and 15 post-partal were studied and compared with 25 non-pregnant normal subjects (controls) with age-group between 16-40 years. Results and Interpretation: We observed throughout pregnancy signs of increased iron demand, increased iron turnover and iron deficiency. They were demonstrated by decrease in haemoglobin. serum iron, percentage iron saturation of transferrin and increased TIBC. Conclusion: Thus, serum iron and total iron binding capacity are the good indices for determining the iron status and they provide us an opportunity to replenish iron stores of the pregnant mother at an earlier date thus preventing iron deficiency anaemia.